Build more advanced robots that can perform specific tasks.

Goal of the Lesson
In this lesson, students will build robots with advanced capabilities, such as picking up and moving objects or detecting obstacles. By adding motors, sensors, and programming, students can control the robot’s actions in response to the environment.

Introduction

Task-specific robots are designed to excel at particular functions, unlike general-purpose robots. This specialization allows for optimization in design, control, and efficiency.

• Key Concepts:

  • Actuators: These components, such as motors or servos, allow robots to perform movements like gripping or rotating.
  • Sensors: Sensors like ultrasonic, infrared, and color sensors help robots gather data from their surroundings.
  • Control Systems: By programming the robot, students determine how it processes sensor inputs and responds accordingly.
  • Task Analysis and Requirements
    • Breaking down complex tasks into manageable sub-tasks
    • Identifying required sensors and actuators
    • Determining environmental constraints
  • Mechanical Design Principles
    • Load-bearing considerations
    • Power transmission systems
    • Degrees of freedom
    • End-effector design

• Real-World Practical Examples:

  • Factory Robots: Robotic arms in factories are programmed to pick and place items on assembly lines, using sensors to detect objects and ensure precise movements.
  • Self-Checkout Robots: Some stores have robots that scan and place items into bags. These robots detect items, grip them with claws or suction mechanisms, and release them into bags.
• Building Activity:
  Using a robotic kit, students will:
  • Attach motors for movement and arms for grasping objects.
  • Program the robot to detect an item (using sensors) and pick it up when near.
  • Test the robot’s ability to grasp and release objects accurately.